社会网络如何影响代际收入流动？

《财经研究》 2020年46卷第8期 页码：80 - 93  online：2020年7月24日

社会网络如何影响代际收入流动？

How do Social Networks Affect Intergenerational Income Flow?

作者（中）：刘琳, 赵建梅*

作者（英）：Liu Lin, Zhao Jianmei*

作者单位：1.中央财经大学 中国公共财政与政策研究院，北京 100081

摘要：社会网络作为提高居民福利和促进经济增长不可忽视的非市场力量，是否也可以促进代际收入流动呢？文章基于中国家庭追踪调查数据，采用父代与子代的收入百分位排序关联系数衡量代际收入流动，从社会网络规模、强度和工具性三个维度综合测量社会网络，实证研究了社会网络对代际收入流动的影响及其机制。研究发现，社会网络显著促进了代际收入流动，且使用父亲在1966−1976年间的家庭成分作为工具变量消除内生性后这一结论依然成立。这种影响在市场化程度较低的地区、女性和低收入家庭中的作用更为明显。进一步的研究表明，社会网络通过加强信息共享、降低信贷约束和改善子女就业等渠道促进了代际收入流动，且社会网络的三个维度在不同渠道中发挥的作用也存在差异。

关键词：社会网络; 代际收入流动; 代际收入百分位排序关联系数

Summary: China’s income gap and intergenerational income flow are of great concern. This paper empirically studies the influence of social networks on intergenerational income flow. Using the correlation of intergenerational income percentile ranks between fathers’ and sons’ income to measure intergenerational income flow, and measuring social networks from three dimensions of scale, intensity and instrumentality, the study finds that social networks significantly promote intergenerational income flow, and the conclusion still holds after using fathers’ family composition as a tool variable to eliminate endogeneity in 1966−1976. This kind of influence is more obvious in the areas with low marketization, woman and low-income families. Further research shows that social networks promote intergenerational income flow by strengthening information sharing, reducing credit constraints and improving children’s employment, and the three dimensions of social networks play different roles in different channels.

Key words: social networks; intergenerational income flow; correlation of intergenerational income percentile ranks

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2020.08.006

收稿日期：2019-6-14

基金项目：

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